So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. Then in the late afternoon, Venerable Mahākoṭṭhita came out of retreat, went to Venerable Sāriputta, and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to Sāriputta:
“Reverend, they speak of ‘a witless person’. How is a witless person defined?” “Reverend, they’re called witless because they don’t understand. And what don’t they understand?
They don’t understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.’ They’re called witless because they don’t understand.” Saying “Good, reverend,” Mahākoṭṭhita approved and agreed with what Sāriputta said. Then he asked another question:
They understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.’ They’re called wise because they understand.” “They speak of ‘consciousness’. How is consciousness defined?”
“It’s called consciousness because it cognizes. And what does it cognize? It cognizes ‘pleasure’ and ‘pain’ and ‘neutral’. It’s called consciousness because it cognizes.”
“Wisdom and consciousness— are these things mixed or separate? And can we completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them?” “Wisdom and consciousness—
these things are mixed, not separate. And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them. For you understand what you cognize, and you cognize what you understand. That’s why these things are mixed, not separate.
PL
ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ. Yaṁ hāvuso, pajānāti taṁ vijānāti, yaṁ vijānāti taṁ pajānāti. Tasmā ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā.
EN
And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them.” “Wisdom and consciousness— what is the difference between these things that are mixed, not separate?”
PL
Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetun”ti. “Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṁ— imesaṁ dhammānaṁ saṁsaṭṭhānaṁ no visaṁsaṭṭhānaṁ kiṁ nānākaraṇan”ti? “Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṁ—
EN
“The difference between these things is that wisdom should be developed, while consciousness should be completely understood.” “They speak of this thing called ‘feeling’. How is feeling defined?”
It perceives blue, yellow, red, and white. It’s called perception because it perceives.” “Feeling, perception, and consciousness— are these things mixed or separate?
And can we completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them?” “Feeling, perception, and consciousness— these things are mixed, not separate. And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them.
PL
Labbhā ca panimesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetun”ti? “Yā cāvuso, vedanā yā ca saññā yañca viññāṇaṁ— ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ.
EN
For you perceive what you feel, and you cognize what you perceive. That’s why these things are mixed, not separate. And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them.” “What can be known by purified mind consciousness released from the five senses?”
PL
Yaṁ hāvuso, vedeti taṁ sañjānāti, yaṁ sañjānāti taṁ vijānāti. Tasmā ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā no visaṁsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetun”ti. “Nissaṭṭhena hāvuso, pañcahi indriyehi parisuddhena manoviññāṇena kiṁ neyyan”ti?
EN
“Aware that ‘space is infinite’ it can know the dimension of infinite space. Aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’ it can know the dimension of infinite consciousness. Aware that ‘there is nothing at all’ it can know the dimension of nothingness.” “How do you understand something that can be known?” “You understand something that can be known with the eye of wisdom.”
“What is the goal of wisdom?” “The goal of wisdom is direct knowledge, complete understanding, and giving up.” “How many conditions are there for the arising of right view?” “There are two conditions for the arising of right view:
the voice of another and rational application of mind. These are the two conditions for the arising of right view.” “When right view is supported by how many factors does it have freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom as its fruit and benefit?” “When right view is supported by five factors it has freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom as its fruit and benefit.
PL
parato ca ghoso, yoniso ca manasikāro. Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāyā”ti. “Katihi panāvuso, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṁsā cā”ti? “Pañcahi kho, āvuso, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca.
EN
It’s when right view is supported by ethics, learning, discussion, serenity, and discernment. When right view is supported by these five factors it has freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom as its fruit and benefit.”
PL
Idhāvuso, sammādiṭṭhi sīlānuggahitā ca hoti, sutānuggahitā ca hoti, sākacchānuggahitā ca hoti, samathānuggahitā ca hoti, vipassanānuggahitā ca hoti. Imehi kho, āvuso, pañcahaṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṁsā cā”ti.
EN
“How many states of existence are there?” “Reverend, there are these three states of existence. Existence in the sensual realm, the realm of luminous form, and the formless realm.” “But how is there regeneration into a new state of existence in the future?”
“It’s because of sentient beings—shrouded by ignorance and fettered by craving—taking pleasure wherever they land. That’s how there is regeneration into a new state of existence in the future.” “But how is there no regeneration into a new state of existence in the future?” “It’s when ignorance fades away, knowledge arises, and craving ceases.
That’s how there is no regeneration into a new state of existence in the future.” “But what, reverend, is the first absorption?” “Reverend, it’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected. This is called the first absorption.”
“But how many factors does the first absorption have?” “The first absorption has five factors. When a mendicant has entered the first absorption, placing the mind, keeping it connected, rapture, bliss, and unification of mind are present. That’s how the first absorption has five factors.”
PL
“Paṭhamaṁ panāvuso, jhānaṁ katiaṅgikan”ti? “Paṭhamaṁ kho, āvuso, jhānaṁ pañcaṅgikaṁ. Idhāvuso, paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vitakko ca vattati, vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca. Paṭhamaṁ kho, āvuso, jhānaṁ evaṁ pañcaṅgikan”ti.
EN
“But how many factors has the first absorption given up and how many does it possess?” “The first absorption has given up five factors and possesses five factors. When a mendicant has entered the first absorption, sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt are given up.
Placing the mind, keeping it connected, rapture, bliss, and unification of mind are present. That’s how the first absorption has given up five factors and possesses five factors.” “Reverend, these five faculties have different domains and different ranges, and don’t experience each other’s domain and range. That is, the faculties of the eye, ear, nose, tongue, and body.
PL
vitakko ca vattati, vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca. Paṭhamaṁ kho, āvuso, jhānaṁ evaṁ pañcaṅgavippahīnaṁ pañcaṅgasamannāgatan”ti. “Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni nānāvisayāni nānāgocarāni, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhonti, seyyathidaṁ— cakkhundriyaṁ, sotindriyaṁ, ghānindriyaṁ, jivhindriyaṁ, kāyindriyaṁ.
EN
What do these five faculties, with their different domains and ranges, have recourse to? What experiences their domains and ranges?”
PL
Imesaṁ kho, āvuso, pañcannaṁ indriyānaṁ nānāvisayānaṁ nānāgocarānaṁ, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhontānaṁ, kiṁ paṭisaraṇaṁ, ko ca nesaṁ gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhotī”ti? “Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni nānāvisayāni nānāgocarāni, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhonti, seyyathidaṁ—
EN
“These five faculties, with their different domains and ranges, have recourse to the mind. And the mind experiences their domains and ranges.”
PL
cakkhundriyaṁ, sotindriyaṁ, ghānindriyaṁ, jivhindriyaṁ, kāyindriyaṁ. Imesaṁ kho, āvuso, pañcannaṁ indriyānaṁ nānāvisayānaṁ nānāgocarānaṁ, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhontānaṁ, mano paṭisaraṇaṁ, mano ca nesaṁ gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhotī”ti. “Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni, seyyathidaṁ—
EN
“These five faculties depend on what to continue?”
“These five faculties depend on vitality to continue.” “But what does vitality depend on to continue?” “Vitality depends on warmth to continue.” “But what does warmth depend on to continue?”
“Warmth depends on vitality to continue.” “Just now I understood you to say: ‘Vitality depends on warmth to continue.’ But I also understood you to say:
‘Warmth depends on vitality to continue.’ How then should we see the meaning of this statement?” “Well then, reverend, I shall give you a simile. For by means of a simile some sensible people understand the meaning of what is said.
Suppose there was an oil lamp burning. The luminosity appears dependent on the flame, and the flame appears dependent on the luminosity. In the same way, vitality depends on warmth to continue, and warmth depends on vitality to continue.” “Are the vital forces and the phenomena that are felt one and the same? Or are the vital forces one thing, and the phenomena that are felt another?”
“The vital forces are not the same things as the phenomena that are felt. For if the vital forces and the phenomena that are felt were the same things, a mendicant who had attained the cessation of perception and feeling would not emerge from it. But because the vital forces and the phenomena that are felt are different things, a mendicant who has attained the cessation of perception and feeling can emerge from it.”
PL
“Na kho, āvuso, teva āyusaṅkhārā te vedaniyā dhammā. Te ca hāvuso, āyusaṅkhārā abhaviṁsu te vedaniyā dhammā, na yidaṁ saññāvedayitanirodhaṁ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vuṭṭhānaṁ paññāyetha. Yasmā ca kho, āvuso, aññe āyusaṅkhārā aññe vedaniyā dhammā, tasmā saññāvedayitanirodhaṁ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vuṭṭhānaṁ paññāyatī”ti.
EN
“How many things must this body lose before it lies abandoned, tossed aside like an insentient log?” “This body must lose three things before it lies abandoned, tossed aside like an insentient log: vitality, warmth, and consciousness.” “What’s the difference between someone who has passed away and a mendicant who has attained the cessation of perception and feeling?”
“When someone dies, their physical, verbal, and mental processes have ceased and stilled; their vitality is spent; their warmth is dissipated; and their faculties have disintegrated. When a mendicant has attained the cessation of perception and feeling, their physical, verbal, and mental processes have ceased and stilled. But their vitality is not spent; their warmth is not dissipated; and their faculties are very clear.
That’s the difference between someone who has passed away and a mendicant who has attained the cessation of perception and feeling.” “How many conditions are necessary to attain the neutral release of the heart?” “Four conditions are necessary to attain the neutral release of the heart. With the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, a mendicant enters and remains in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.
These four conditions are necessary to attain the neutral release of the heart.” “How many conditions are necessary to attain the signless release of the heart?” “Two conditions are necessary to attain the signless release of the heart: not focusing on any signs, and focusing on the signless.
These two conditions are necessary to attain the signless release of the heart.” “How many conditions are necessary to remain in the signless release of the heart?” “Three conditions are necessary to remain in the signless release of the heart: not focusing on any signs, focusing on the signless, and a previous determination.
PL
Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā”ti. “Kati panāvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā”ti? “Tayo kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā— sabbanimittānañca amanasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā manasikāro, pubbe ca abhisaṅkhāro.
EN
These three conditions are necessary to remain in the signless release of the heart.” “How many conditions are necessary to emerge from the signless release of the heart?” “Two conditions are necessary to emerge from the signless release of the heart: focusing on all signs, and not focusing on the signless.
These two conditions are necessary to emerge from the signless release of the heart.” “The limitless release of the heart, and the release of the heart through nothingness, and the release of the heart through emptiness, and the signless release of the heart: do these things differ in both meaning and phrasing? Or do they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing?” “There is a way in which these things differ in both meaning and phrasing.
PL
Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā vuṭṭhānāyā”ti. “Yā cāyaṁ, āvuso, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca ākiñcaññā cetovimutti, yā ca suññatā cetovimutti, yā ca animittā cetovimutti—ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānan”ti? “Yā cāyaṁ, āvuso, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca ākiñcaññā cetovimutti, yā ca suññatā cetovimutti, yā ca animittā cetovimutti—atthi kho, āvuso, pariyāyo yaṁ pariyāyaṁ āgamma ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca;
EN
But there’s also a way in which they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing. And what’s the way in which these things differ in both meaning and phrasing? Firstly, a mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.
They meditate spreading a heart full of compassion … They meditate spreading a heart full of rejoicing … They meditate spreading a heart full of equanimity to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of equanimity to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.
This is called the limitless release of the heart. And what is the release of the heart through nothingness? It’s when a mendicant, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, enters and remains in the dimension of nothingness. This is called the heart’s release through nothingness.
And what is the release of the heart through emptiness? It’s when a mendicant has gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut, and reflects like this: ‘This is empty of a self or what belongs to a self.’ This is called the release of the heart through emptiness.
And what is the signless release of the heart? It’s when a mendicant, not focusing on any signs, enters and remains in the signless immersion of the heart. This is called the signless release of the heart. This is the way in which these things differ in both meaning and phrasing.
And what’s the way in which they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing? Greed, hate, and delusion are makers of limits. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. The unshakable release of the heart is said to be the best kind of limitless release of the heart.
That unshakable release of the heart is empty of greed, hate, and delusion. Greed is something, hate is something, and delusion is something. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. The unshakable release of the heart is said to be the best kind of release of the heart through nothingness.
That unshakable release of the heart is empty of greed, hate, and delusion. Greed, hate, and delusion are makers of signs. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. The unshakable release of the heart is said to be the best kind of signless release of the heart.
That unshakable release of the heart is empty of greed, hate, and delusion. This is the way in which they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing.” That is what Venerable Sāriputta said. Satisfied, Venerable Mahākoṭṭhita approved what Sāriputta said.
So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. Then in the late afternoon, Venerable Mahākoṭṭhita came out of retreat, went to Venerable Sāriputta, and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to Sāriputta:
“Reverend, they speak of ‘a witless person’. How is a witless person defined?” “Reverend, they’re called witless because they don’t understand. And what don’t they understand?
They don’t understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.’ They’re called witless because they don’t understand.” Saying “Good, reverend,” Mahākoṭṭhita approved and agreed with what Sāriputta said. Then he asked another question:
They understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.’ They’re called wise because they understand.” “They speak of ‘consciousness’. How is consciousness defined?”
“It’s called consciousness because it cognizes. And what does it cognize? It cognizes ‘pleasure’ and ‘pain’ and ‘neutral’. It’s called consciousness because it cognizes.”
“Wisdom and consciousness— are these things mixed or separate? And can we completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them?” “Wisdom and consciousness—
these things are mixed, not separate. And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them. For you understand what you cognize, and you cognize what you understand. That’s why these things are mixed, not separate.
PL
ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ. Yaṁ hāvuso, pajānāti taṁ vijānāti, yaṁ vijānāti taṁ pajānāti. Tasmā ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā.
EN
And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them.” “Wisdom and consciousness— what is the difference between these things that are mixed, not separate?”
PL
Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetun”ti. “Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṁ— imesaṁ dhammānaṁ saṁsaṭṭhānaṁ no visaṁsaṭṭhānaṁ kiṁ nānākaraṇan”ti? “Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṁ—
EN
“The difference between these things is that wisdom should be developed, while consciousness should be completely understood.” “They speak of this thing called ‘feeling’. How is feeling defined?”
It perceives blue, yellow, red, and white. It’s called perception because it perceives.” “Feeling, perception, and consciousness— are these things mixed or separate?
And can we completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them?” “Feeling, perception, and consciousness— these things are mixed, not separate. And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them.
PL
Labbhā ca panimesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetun”ti? “Yā cāvuso, vedanā yā ca saññā yañca viññāṇaṁ— ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ.
EN
For you perceive what you feel, and you cognize what you perceive. That’s why these things are mixed, not separate. And you can never completely disentangle them so as to describe the difference between them.” “What can be known by purified mind consciousness released from the five senses?”
PL
Yaṁ hāvuso, vedeti taṁ sañjānāti, yaṁ sañjānāti taṁ vijānāti. Tasmā ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā no visaṁsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetun”ti. “Nissaṭṭhena hāvuso, pañcahi indriyehi parisuddhena manoviññāṇena kiṁ neyyan”ti?
EN
“Aware that ‘space is infinite’ it can know the dimension of infinite space. Aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’ it can know the dimension of infinite consciousness. Aware that ‘there is nothing at all’ it can know the dimension of nothingness.” “How do you understand something that can be known?” “You understand something that can be known with the eye of wisdom.”
“What is the goal of wisdom?” “The goal of wisdom is direct knowledge, complete understanding, and giving up.” “How many conditions are there for the arising of right view?” “There are two conditions for the arising of right view:
the voice of another and rational application of mind. These are the two conditions for the arising of right view.” “When right view is supported by how many factors does it have freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom as its fruit and benefit?” “When right view is supported by five factors it has freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom as its fruit and benefit.
PL
parato ca ghoso, yoniso ca manasikāro. Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāyā”ti. “Katihi panāvuso, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṁsā cā”ti? “Pañcahi kho, āvuso, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca.
EN
It’s when right view is supported by ethics, learning, discussion, serenity, and discernment. When right view is supported by these five factors it has freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom as its fruit and benefit.”
PL
Idhāvuso, sammādiṭṭhi sīlānuggahitā ca hoti, sutānuggahitā ca hoti, sākacchānuggahitā ca hoti, samathānuggahitā ca hoti, vipassanānuggahitā ca hoti. Imehi kho, āvuso, pañcahaṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṁsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṁsā cā”ti.
EN
“How many states of existence are there?” “Reverend, there are these three states of existence. Existence in the sensual realm, the realm of luminous form, and the formless realm.” “But how is there regeneration into a new state of existence in the future?”
“It’s because of sentient beings—shrouded by ignorance and fettered by craving—taking pleasure wherever they land. That’s how there is regeneration into a new state of existence in the future.” “But how is there no regeneration into a new state of existence in the future?” “It’s when ignorance fades away, knowledge arises, and craving ceases.
That’s how there is no regeneration into a new state of existence in the future.” “But what, reverend, is the first absorption?” “Reverend, it’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected. This is called the first absorption.”
“But how many factors does the first absorption have?” “The first absorption has five factors. When a mendicant has entered the first absorption, placing the mind, keeping it connected, rapture, bliss, and unification of mind are present. That’s how the first absorption has five factors.”
PL
“Paṭhamaṁ panāvuso, jhānaṁ katiaṅgikan”ti? “Paṭhamaṁ kho, āvuso, jhānaṁ pañcaṅgikaṁ. Idhāvuso, paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vitakko ca vattati, vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca. Paṭhamaṁ kho, āvuso, jhānaṁ evaṁ pañcaṅgikan”ti.
EN
“But how many factors has the first absorption given up and how many does it possess?” “The first absorption has given up five factors and possesses five factors. When a mendicant has entered the first absorption, sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt are given up.
Placing the mind, keeping it connected, rapture, bliss, and unification of mind are present. That’s how the first absorption has given up five factors and possesses five factors.” “Reverend, these five faculties have different domains and different ranges, and don’t experience each other’s domain and range. That is, the faculties of the eye, ear, nose, tongue, and body.
PL
vitakko ca vattati, vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca. Paṭhamaṁ kho, āvuso, jhānaṁ evaṁ pañcaṅgavippahīnaṁ pañcaṅgasamannāgatan”ti. “Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni nānāvisayāni nānāgocarāni, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhonti, seyyathidaṁ— cakkhundriyaṁ, sotindriyaṁ, ghānindriyaṁ, jivhindriyaṁ, kāyindriyaṁ.
EN
What do these five faculties, with their different domains and ranges, have recourse to? What experiences their domains and ranges?”
PL
Imesaṁ kho, āvuso, pañcannaṁ indriyānaṁ nānāvisayānaṁ nānāgocarānaṁ, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhontānaṁ, kiṁ paṭisaraṇaṁ, ko ca nesaṁ gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhotī”ti? “Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni nānāvisayāni nānāgocarāni, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhonti, seyyathidaṁ—
EN
“These five faculties, with their different domains and ranges, have recourse to the mind. And the mind experiences their domains and ranges.”
PL
cakkhundriyaṁ, sotindriyaṁ, ghānindriyaṁ, jivhindriyaṁ, kāyindriyaṁ. Imesaṁ kho, āvuso, pañcannaṁ indriyānaṁ nānāvisayānaṁ nānāgocarānaṁ, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhontānaṁ, mano paṭisaraṇaṁ, mano ca nesaṁ gocaravisayaṁ paccanubhotī”ti. “Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni, seyyathidaṁ—
EN
“These five faculties depend on what to continue?”
“These five faculties depend on vitality to continue.” “But what does vitality depend on to continue?” “Vitality depends on warmth to continue.” “But what does warmth depend on to continue?”
“Warmth depends on vitality to continue.” “Just now I understood you to say: ‘Vitality depends on warmth to continue.’ But I also understood you to say:
‘Warmth depends on vitality to continue.’ How then should we see the meaning of this statement?” “Well then, reverend, I shall give you a simile. For by means of a simile some sensible people understand the meaning of what is said.
Suppose there was an oil lamp burning. The luminosity appears dependent on the flame, and the flame appears dependent on the luminosity. In the same way, vitality depends on warmth to continue, and warmth depends on vitality to continue.” “Are the vital forces and the phenomena that are felt one and the same? Or are the vital forces one thing, and the phenomena that are felt another?”
“The vital forces are not the same things as the phenomena that are felt. For if the vital forces and the phenomena that are felt were the same things, a mendicant who had attained the cessation of perception and feeling would not emerge from it. But because the vital forces and the phenomena that are felt are different things, a mendicant who has attained the cessation of perception and feeling can emerge from it.”
PL
“Na kho, āvuso, teva āyusaṅkhārā te vedaniyā dhammā. Te ca hāvuso, āyusaṅkhārā abhaviṁsu te vedaniyā dhammā, na yidaṁ saññāvedayitanirodhaṁ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vuṭṭhānaṁ paññāyetha. Yasmā ca kho, āvuso, aññe āyusaṅkhārā aññe vedaniyā dhammā, tasmā saññāvedayitanirodhaṁ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vuṭṭhānaṁ paññāyatī”ti.
EN
“How many things must this body lose before it lies abandoned, tossed aside like an insentient log?” “This body must lose three things before it lies abandoned, tossed aside like an insentient log: vitality, warmth, and consciousness.” “What’s the difference between someone who has passed away and a mendicant who has attained the cessation of perception and feeling?”
“When someone dies, their physical, verbal, and mental processes have ceased and stilled; their vitality is spent; their warmth is dissipated; and their faculties have disintegrated. When a mendicant has attained the cessation of perception and feeling, their physical, verbal, and mental processes have ceased and stilled. But their vitality is not spent; their warmth is not dissipated; and their faculties are very clear.
That’s the difference between someone who has passed away and a mendicant who has attained the cessation of perception and feeling.” “How many conditions are necessary to attain the neutral release of the heart?” “Four conditions are necessary to attain the neutral release of the heart. With the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, a mendicant enters and remains in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.
These four conditions are necessary to attain the neutral release of the heart.” “How many conditions are necessary to attain the signless release of the heart?” “Two conditions are necessary to attain the signless release of the heart: not focusing on any signs, and focusing on the signless.
These two conditions are necessary to attain the signless release of the heart.” “How many conditions are necessary to remain in the signless release of the heart?” “Three conditions are necessary to remain in the signless release of the heart: not focusing on any signs, focusing on the signless, and a previous determination.
PL
Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā”ti. “Kati panāvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā”ti? “Tayo kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā— sabbanimittānañca amanasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā manasikāro, pubbe ca abhisaṅkhāro.
EN
These three conditions are necessary to remain in the signless release of the heart.” “How many conditions are necessary to emerge from the signless release of the heart?” “Two conditions are necessary to emerge from the signless release of the heart: focusing on all signs, and not focusing on the signless.
These two conditions are necessary to emerge from the signless release of the heart.” “The limitless release of the heart, and the release of the heart through nothingness, and the release of the heart through emptiness, and the signless release of the heart: do these things differ in both meaning and phrasing? Or do they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing?” “There is a way in which these things differ in both meaning and phrasing.
PL
Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā vuṭṭhānāyā”ti. “Yā cāyaṁ, āvuso, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca ākiñcaññā cetovimutti, yā ca suññatā cetovimutti, yā ca animittā cetovimutti—ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānan”ti? “Yā cāyaṁ, āvuso, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca ākiñcaññā cetovimutti, yā ca suññatā cetovimutti, yā ca animittā cetovimutti—atthi kho, āvuso, pariyāyo yaṁ pariyāyaṁ āgamma ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca;
EN
But there’s also a way in which they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing. And what’s the way in which these things differ in both meaning and phrasing? Firstly, a mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.
They meditate spreading a heart full of compassion … They meditate spreading a heart full of rejoicing … They meditate spreading a heart full of equanimity to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of equanimity to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.
This is called the limitless release of the heart. And what is the release of the heart through nothingness? It’s when a mendicant, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, enters and remains in the dimension of nothingness. This is called the heart’s release through nothingness.
And what is the release of the heart through emptiness? It’s when a mendicant has gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut, and reflects like this: ‘This is empty of a self or what belongs to a self.’ This is called the release of the heart through emptiness.
And what is the signless release of the heart? It’s when a mendicant, not focusing on any signs, enters and remains in the signless immersion of the heart. This is called the signless release of the heart. This is the way in which these things differ in both meaning and phrasing.
And what’s the way in which they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing? Greed, hate, and delusion are makers of limits. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. The unshakable release of the heart is said to be the best kind of limitless release of the heart.
That unshakable release of the heart is empty of greed, hate, and delusion. Greed is something, hate is something, and delusion is something. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. The unshakable release of the heart is said to be the best kind of release of the heart through nothingness.
That unshakable release of the heart is empty of greed, hate, and delusion. Greed, hate, and delusion are makers of signs. A mendicant who has ended the defilements has given these up, cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, and obliterated them, so they are unable to arise in the future. The unshakable release of the heart is said to be the best kind of signless release of the heart.
That unshakable release of the heart is empty of greed, hate, and delusion. This is the way in which they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing.” That is what Venerable Sāriputta said. Satisfied, Venerable Mahākoṭṭhita approved what Sāriputta said.
Sutraya